Historical Periods
Journey through Germany’s past – discover how each era, from ancient Germania to the digital‑age Bundesrepublik, shaped the nation’s culture, borders, and identity.
Key Historical Eras at a Glance
Ancient & Early Medieval: Roman campaigns along the Rhine left enduring frontiers, while Charlemagne’s Carolingian Empire (800 CE) laid foundations for the later Holy Roman Empire.
Middle Ages to 19th Century: The 1517 Protestant Reformation began in Wittenberg, sparking religious upheaval across Europe. Centuries later, Prussia’s victories over Denmark, Austria, and France forged the Deutsches Kaiserreich (German Empire) in 1871, unleashing rapid industrial growth.
20th Century & Beyond: Turbulent years saw the Weimar Republic, Nazi dictatorship, and the Cold War division symbolised by the Berlin Wall. Reunification in 1990 created today’s Federal Republic, a founding pillar of the European Union.